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Summer is synonymous with outdoor adventures, from basking in the sun to gathering around a campfire. However, these enjoyable activities can sometimes lead to unfortunate situations like burns, ranging from a mild sunburn to a more severe campfire burn. Understanding how to prevent and treat these burns is crucial to ensure a safe and enjoyable summer.
Sunburns occur due to overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun. Several medications can predispose people to an elevated risk of sunburn, including thiazide diuretics, sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), retinoids, tetracycline antibiotics such as doxycycline, and St. John's wort. Severity of a sunburn can range from mild redness to painful blistering and peeling.
To prevent sunburns, it's essential to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. Applying sunscreen generously and reapplying every two hours, as well as after swimming or sweating, is crucial. Also, sunscreens do expire, so make sure to check the product’s expiration date. Seeking shade during peak hours, typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., can significantly reduce your risk of sunburn. Wearing protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses, adds an extra layer of defense against harmful UV rays. Clothing and apparel accessories with an SPF rating have become popular as another barrier of skin protection. It is also important to maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of water as well as an appropriate amount of electrolytes to help keep your skin resilient against sun damage.1
If you do get sunburned, prompt and effective treatment is essential. Start by taking a cool bath or shower to soothe the skin while avoiding soap or shower gel cleansers. Cleaning the skin with soap after sun exposure can be drying as it removes the oils from your skin, so cleansers should be avoided for a few days. After cooling down the affected area, apply aloe vera or moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated. Silicon-based gels, like PracaSil®-Plus or silicon sheets, can be used to hydrate the skin and potentially reduce discomfort. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation. A formula of a topical NSAID such as ketoprofen could be prescribed by a practitioner and compounded with PracaSil-Plus by a pharmacist to possibly minimize systemic effects. Drinking extra water with adequate electrolytes is vital to help your body recover from the dehydration caused by sunburn. Finally, avoid further sun exposure until your skin has fully healed to prevent additional damage.1
Campfires are a beloved summer tradition, but they pose significant burn risks. With the increase in popularity of fire pits, childhood burns have increased and are one of the leading causes of preventable injuries in children. To enjoy campfires safely, maintain a safe distance from the fire and keep children and pets away. Using a designated fire ring or pit helps contain the fire and prevent it from spreading. Never leave a campfire unattended and always ensure it's completely extinguished before leaving the site. Keeping a bucket of water or a hose nearby is a good precaution in case of emergencies. Wearing appropriate clothing, avoiding loose garments that can easily catch fire, also adds to your safety.2
Campfire burns require immediate action and attention. Start by running cool (not cold) water over the burn for 10-20 minutes to reduce pain and swelling. Protect the area with a clean, nonstick bandage or cloth. Avoid applying ice directly to the burn as it can cause further damage. Silicon-based gels, such as PracaSil-Plus or sheets, are excellent for covering the burn, helping to keep the wound moist and potentially reducing the risk of scarring. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. For severe burns or if the burn is larger than the palm of the victim's hand, immediately seek professional medical help.3
Aside from sunburns and campfire burns, summer activities can expose you to other types of burns. Be cautious around grills, stoves and hot sand. Using protective gear and being mindful of where you step and what you touch can prevent accidental burns. Additionally, be aware of pool chemicals and cleaning agents that can cause chemical burns.3 Always follow safety instructions and wear appropriate protective gear when handling these substances.
Burns, whether from the sun or a campfire, can be painful and potentially dangerous. By taking preventive measures and knowing how to treat burns effectively, you can enjoy your summer activities safely. Remember, prevention is always better than treatment, so take steps to protect yourself and your loved ones from summer burns. Stay safe and enjoy the sunny days!